Ethics of Animal Testing - 754 Words

Ethics of Animal Testing For my paper I chose the topic of animal testing because I have always been very passionate for animals and against animal abuse. I have never believed in animal testing and that there were always other alternatives. I wanted to look further into and educate myself about what is being done about this and why it is an ethical issue. I have come up with an axiom to summarize this topic. Testing animals in research revolves around the relative or moral value of humans and animals, and many different viewpoints helped to contribute to the development of ethical principles of animal treatment. The use of animals in research, teaching and testing is an important ethical and political issue. Much of the discussion about this issue revolves around the relative value, often referred to as moral value, of humans and animals. How do you decide what is right when the needs of animals and humans come into conflict? It’s really difficult to make a moral decision when so many people have different morals regarding this topic (Animal testing and ethics). In today’s society, there is a wide spectrum of views on this subject. There are people who are with animal rights, and people who view animals only as a resource to be exploited. All of these viewpoints have contributed to the development of ethical principles of animal use. Because of these views, we now have different organizations such as AAALAC,AALAS and the AVMA (Animal testing and ethics).The positiveShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Animal Testing1534 Words   |  7 Pagessucceed in many areas, but has also damaged the basic ethics and morals in some of us. Today on television, we see the over dramatized body spray commercials or a famous celebrity advertising their favorite shampoo and stating its claims, but what most do not know is that a couple or couple hundred, animals were killed to approve, by law, of that product. This act is called animal testing, which is the method or experiment that forces an animal to go through any harm or distress (Thew). I do not agreeRea d MoreThe Ethics Of Animal Testing1299 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. ------ English 11 11 June 2017 Animal Testing Animal testing dates back all the way to Greek physician scientists like Aristotle and Erasistratus. Greek scientist conducted experiments to understand the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology just like our scientists do today. The moral ethics of animal testing has always been questioned, but many cures and treatments have been found due to animal testing discoveries. Animal testing is necessary for humankind s overall wellRead MoreThe Ethics Of Animal Testing3440 Words   |  14 PagesChapter 1 – Agree with animal experiments 3 Introduction 3 Safety 3 Great contribution of animal experiments 5 Chapter 2 – Against Animal experiments 7 Introduction 7 Experiment animals have rights 7 Scientific Limitations of Using Animals 10 Conclusion 12 Reference 13 Table of figures Figure 1 – Chimpanzees are trained to be astronauts. 6 Figure 2 – monkey cages covered with waste and feces 8 Figure 3 – disabled monkeys 9 â€Æ' Introduction Animal experiments or laboratory animal science have been aRead MoreEssay on Animal Testing Ethics646 Words   |  3 PagesAnimal Testing Ethics Is animal testing right or wrong? No one has really answered that so far. Everyone has their own opinion about it. I personally think that if we are not abusing the testing it should be allowed. I dont think it is necessary to test animals for every little thing that goes on the market but sure why not when it relates to a life or death thing like cancer. How else would we make sure the medications wouldn’t kill us? Safety tests are conductedRead MoreThe Ethics Of Animal Testing2235 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"With all things being equal, the simplest explanation tends to be the right one† (William of Ockham). Animals generally are used to be tested on by researchers for a various amount of reasons. Researchers and scientists worldwide, are determined to find solutions to finding cures to diseases, and any other consumer products that include cosmetic products, that humans use. The term FDA (Food Drug Administration) was created in the year of 1906, by Theodore Roosevelt and Harvey Washington WileyRead MoreThe Ethics Of Animal Testing On Cosmetic Products2035 Words   |  9 Pagesout in hives and a rash. What did you do wrong? You assume that all the products you used were safe because you bought it in the store, but was it thoroughly and properly tested to the extent of use? Most consumers are concerned with the ethics of animal testing on cosmetic products. But, are they aware o f the accuracy of these tests? And are there other advanced options? Cosmetics are not limited to women’s make-up. They include face creams, baby oils, skin care products, deodorants, lotionsRead MoreEssay The Ethics of Medical Animal Testing1941 Words   |  8 Pageshuman race comes before any other consideration. This is the justification for the use of nonhuman animal testing in medicine. Of course this argument brings issues into play that are both ethical and professional and need exploring before a definitive answer can be given. The Rights of â€Å"Lesser Life Forms† Animals have rights. This is a statement that very few people will disagree with. Animal cruelty as an end unto itself (i.e. for entertainment) is just wrong. Short of being a sociopath IRead MoreThe Ethics of Animal Testing for Vaccine Development and Potential Alternatives 1983 Words   |  8 PagesAnimal testing is important to ensure the safety of a variety of products, specifically pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and medical devices used for surgery and other treatments. It has also been used throughout history for various purposes. Once an unregulated practice, today there are laws, regulations, and requirements associated with the ethical use of animal models. In the United States, animal studies are now required before moving on to clinical trials. Legalities aside, controversy still arisesRead MoreCost-Benefit Analysis Of The Ethics Of Animal Testing1606 Words   |  7 Pagesconsideration† view that all animals, including humans, have the same right to not suffer or b e harmed. A cost-benefit analysis justifying these types of experiments should be used to evaluate the appropriateness of using animals for the research. The United Kingdom has adopted this perspective calling for a complete ban on all experiments that cause more harm to the animals than would be of benefit to humans. The United Kingdom has historically been a leader in terms of regulating animal research and has bannedRead MoreAnimal Experimentation And Biomedical Ethics Essay1738 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal activists and scientists experience ongoing conflict between animal experimentation and biomedical ethics. Animal testing is one of the oldest methods of experimentation. In the 1980s, the animal rights movement and the argument surrounding the ethics came under fire. As a result of this movement, the experimental procedures became public, giving more incentive to the activists and momentum to their cause. The ethics of animal experimentation come into question in everything f rom beauty products

The Organization Of Trade Unions - 1514 Words

Introduction In a company the employers and employees, two basic elements are already able to form an employment relationship: the employer purchases the labor from employees and pay them reward, and the employees offer their labor to exchange for reward. The trade unions serve as the third participant of this employment relation, and it keeps a direct relation with both the employees and employers will exert a mediating function often between them. Generally, the emergence of trade unions not only enriches the employment relation, but also plays an important role to in creating a more health relation and maintains the stability of the relation. The radical purpose of the existence of trade unions is to help guarantee the legal rights and welfare of employees. It can help the employees to accomplish some works which are not easy to be done by employees themselves. Since it is beneficial, it is supposed to see that many employees have make good utilization of it, but quite a number of employees st ill lacks the awareness and skills of making response to trade unions for employees. If they know that, their welfare will acquire greater extent of guarantee. Two theories of employment relation In this essay, the employees are defined as the crowd of people that use their labor to exchange for salary. One mainstream viewpoint views the employees as a kind of economic men. (Kaufman, 2004) The action of employees is extremely rational and it assumes that all the behaviors ofShow MoreRelatedEffects of Trade Unions on an Organization1272 Words   |  6 PagesTOPIC: ACTIVITIES OF TRADE UNIONS AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY For several years white settlers were able to sabotage all efforts of permiting the growth of trade unions.The colonial government attitude towards thetrade unions in kenya was for sometime very hostile because of the belief that trade union activities meant violence,rioting and communism.Until 1955,the kenya government was fighting against the building of a trade union and only in that yearRead MoreImpact of Trade Union on the Performance of Organization6858 Words   |  28 Pagesamount can be spent on the workers for training and vocational education. 1.2 Objective of the study: The main objective of the study is to know the reasons behind the labor unrest, activities of Trade union and their impact on the organizations performance. Our main goal is to know why Trade Unions are being acting in such destructive way in Bangladesh because of remuneration or work environment, conditions, hours etc. To compare the satisfaction level of the employees we went into two companiesRead MoreEast Asian Union : The World Trade Organization1468 Words   |  6 PagesEast Asian Union Since the last century, each country had begun to understand the importance of the cooperation. Consequently, The European Union [EU] was established in November 1, 1993. After that, other European countries became the member of the EU to promote the development of the whole Europe. Currently, the US, the only superpower country in this planet, is still looking for the assistance with the EU and Japan, South Korea and etc. The establishment of the World Bank, the World Trade OrganizationRead MoreThe European Union And Domestic Legal Systems And The World Trade Organization1506 Words   |  7 Pagesinterfere with their judicial functions. Finally, I want to introduce an Appeal Tribunal. Just like in domestic legal systems and the World Trade Organization.† (Malmstrom) This change in the appointment of judges could mean that the public opinion in a case could be more weighted by shifting the power from the companies to the international system. The European Union brings the reforms on ISDS as a solution to a system that was broken. But, there is much discussion about the necessity of a frameworkRead MoreRelationship Between The European Union ( Eu ) And The North Atlantic Trade Organization3273 Words   |  14 Pagesbetween the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Trade Organization (NATO). With the globalization of security concerns and with the series of major terrorist attacks beginning on September 11, 2001, cooperation between these two major powers is becoming increasingly important and hotly debated. In this day and age international security is of the utmost importance. The world leaders in international security are the North Atlantic Trade Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU). This paperRead MoreImpact Of National Industrial Law And Regulation On The Botswana Public Service1249 Words   |  5 Pagesindustrial relations in the Botswana public service? Introduction The issues of industrial relations come from the early times. Today, these issues form part of the day to day management activities within private, public and all other types of organizations. Week in week cases are made at industrial courts that related employer employee relations matters. The statutory instruments such as industrial relations laws, dispute acts, public service acts, disciplinary hearing procedures, processes andRead MoreThe Concept of Intra-Union Conflict1572 Words   |  7 Pagesconcept of intra-union conflict is not much different from that of intra-group or intra-organizational conflict. However, before we delve into that argument, it is essential that we consider an authoritative view of the subject matter from the International Labour Organization (ILO). The ILO (2006) states that ‘Conflicts within the trade union movement’ is â€Å"A matter involving no dispute between the government and the trade unions, but which involves a conflict within the trade union movement itselfRead MoreEmployment Relationship Is Essential For Organizational Growth And Reputation1436 Words   |  6 PagesThe International Labor Organization (2015) defines employment relationship as a legal linkage between employees and employers that develops as an individual performs certain task within a given circumstance in exchange of remuneration. It has also been argued that employment relationships generate certain rights and obligations that are applicable on both employees and employers. The organization further points that the very existence of employment relationship forms fundamental condition for determinationRead MoreLabor Unions615 Words   |  3 PagesLabor Unions University of Phoenix MGT434: Employment Law Scott Dunlap February 7, 2008 Labor organizations or unions are formed by employees who want better wages, benefits, and healthy working conditions. Over the years, participation in unions has declined regardless of the benefits it offers. There are less strikes and better wages in the United States which in turn does not warrant the high need for these types of organizations in the work place. Labor unions today compared to in theRead MoreThe World Organizational And Industrial System Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pagesorganizational and industrial system. Looking at the premises of the organizational management and theoretical bases of industrialization, many scholars and indeed critics are of the view that it is organization centered concept. That is, it pays much emphasis on the efficient and goal attainment of the organization. This led to emergence of neoliberals in the sphere of industrialization which is capital centre policy that enrich the bourgeoisies- the company and industries owners; and make the poor to grow

Special Education Needs free essay sample

I will also write about the medical and social model, what they are and how they relate to SEN, I will then write about the SEN Code of Practice and special educational needs coordinators and touch upon the 1987 Warnock report. The definition of SEN according to the 1996 Education act is, a child has special educational needs if he/she has a learning difficulty which calls for special educational requirements to be made for them (Farrell, 2003). A child is said to have a learning difficulty if they have a considerably greater struggle in learning than most children of the same age and they have a disability which prevents or stops from making full use of their educational facilities provided for children of the same age in schools within the area of the local educational authority (Farrell, 2003). I have chosen to discuss how the education support has changed for children suffering from the autistic spectrum disorder. The word ‘Autism’ first came about in 1911 by a Swiss Dr named Eugen Bleuler (Freedman, 2009) the term was based on the Greek word ‘autos’ meaning self; the actual disorder he was referring to was schizophrenia. Autism was later identified in 1943 by Dr Leo Kanner (Freedman, 2009) he believed mental and biological element played a key role in autism. Autistic spectrum disorders are usually present from birth or early stages of development (NRC, 2001). Autism is a disability that affects how someone communicates and interacts with others (Brill, 2008). The disability arises due to problems in the nervous system; which is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and a network of nerves that permits us to move, think, and sense the world (Brill, 2008); how an individual with autism learns and develops will depend on how the nervous system interacts with the environment around them (Brill, 2008). Autism affects vital human behaviours e. g. social interaction, the ability to communicate ideas and feelings, imagination, and the ability to form close bonds and feelings (NRC, 2001). Children with autism look physically normal however they display a series of behaviours that are autism related (Brill, 2008); doctors usually identify autism by looking at a variety of signs that point to the condition and how it affects the way the person learns and develops; the signs can be mild or severe depending on the child as we are all different (Brill, 2008). Autistic disorders usually have long lasting effects on how children are as social beings, how they learn to look after their selves and participate in their community (NRC, 2001). A range of autistic behaviours is called autism spectrum disorder; at one end of the spectrum is Asperger syndrome which is the mildest form of autism those with the disorder function more self-reliantly unlike those with more severe autism (Brill, 2008) children with Asperger tend to speak by the time they are age four but their voices usually lack emotion. Children with Asperger normally have some trouble interacting with their peers (Brill, 2008). Asperger sufferers tend to test well but lack common sense; experts believe that Asperger is a different disability to autism (Brill, 2008). The most severe the type of autism the more it affects your learning and behaviour to the point that in some cases it can cause mental retardation which greatly slows the learning and progress of a young child (Brill, 2008). Many of those with autism have difficulties handling information through their senses; they usually hear, feel or see too much or too little arriving material which causes them to either under or over react (Brill, 2008). Some common signs of children suffering from autism are they tend to withdraw and become silent or unresponsive, they throw tantrums to block out smells, sounds, touch and sights which they find disturbing (Brill, 2008) and they take longer to reach the common stages of childhood e. g. walking and talking; autism halts normal progression (Brill, 2008). The autistic spectrum sometimes occurs along with mental retardation and language disorders therefore educational planning must address both autistic needs and the needs associated with accompanying disabilities (Brill, 2008). By the 1960’s autism was finally identified as a disorder of its own; in 1965, Dr O. Ivar Lovas and colleagues at a university developed a treatment for autism called applied behaviour of analysis (ABA) (Freedman, 2009); ABA is the use of techniques and principles to bring about a good change in behaviour (Freedman, 2009). ABA focuses on the principles that explains how learning takes place e. g. through positive reinforcement; if good behaviour is followed by a reward the behaviour is more likely to be repeated. This technique could be used not only in the classroom but at home by parents (Freedman, 2009). ABA has become a very popular and widely known treatment for autism through the years especially through the last decade where it has been used to help autistic people lead normal and productive lives. Another popular treatment for autism was discovered in the 1990s by Drs Serna Wieder and Stanley Greenspan called floortime which was based on brain research that showed human development is built on interactions with others (Freedman, 2009) in contrast to ABA which aims to change behaviour, floortime concentrates on improving social skills, imagination and emotional abilities. When discussing SEN we must touch upon the issue of labelling; there are both positive and negative aspects to labelling an autistic child. Some positives are it leads to the child getting the treatment and specialist help they need (Lauchlan, Boyle) , it raises awareness and the understanding of autism and it helps in supporting the families and children with autism by giving them more details about their condition (Lauchlan, Boyle) . Some negatives to labelling are it can sometimes lead to bullying by peers and the use of bad language to describe those with autism, which can sometimes lead to devastating consequences and it can make children with autism feel inferior to typically developing children (Lauchlan, Boyle). Labelling can also lead to social disadvantage and exclusion from mainstream society and also some people with disabilities use their impairment as an excuse or scapegoat for things they find difficult. The use of labels are useful to special educational needs children as if they were dropped it would mean that the specialist help they require would no longer be available to them as they would be given the same workload and support as typically developing children so labelling benefits more than hurts them. The SEN Code of Practice was made to give necessary advice and help to the LEA, schools, social services, and early education setting on how best to provide the help for children with disabilities (DfES, 2001). The Education act 1993 placed a duty on the secretary of state to issue a Code of Practice and make compulsory changes to it every few years. The first Code of Practice was written in 1994; schools, health, social services and settings must abide by the SEN Code of Practice (DfES, 2001) and although the Code of Practice does not tell professionals how to react or deal with every individual situation it advises and guides them on how best to deal with the situation (DfES, 2001). In 2001 the Code of Practice was revised; more rules were added e. g. more rights for children with SEN educated in mainstream schools, the LEA must offer parents more information help and advice on how best to give their child the best education and schools and early years settings must give each other more support (DfES, 2001). During the 1960’s people with autism were still very much viewed as ‘not normal’ this was not helped by the medical model (TOU, 2006). The medical model defines those with disabilities by their impairments.

The Soundtrack of My Life Essay Example For Students

The Soundtrack of My Life Essay My name is Marian _______________. I am a person who loves all kinds of music, especially romantic. I grew up in a free and healthy environment. My hometown of Ciego de Avila, Cuba is a place full of gentle and friendly people, where I used to listen loud music without bothering my neighbors. After I spent almost nineteen years of my life in that place, I moved to Florida, United States. Nowadays, I am living with my husband and my daughter in a beautiful house full of love. I present this soundtrack to you as an important part of what my life has been. We will write a custom essay on The Soundtrack of My Life specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Each song was carefully selected to express and explain different events in my past five years. Likewise, I think this assignment will help me look deep inside me. Analyzing prudently each track will also change my perspective of life. I want to become a better person and be successful in college. I want to have a greater life. By completing this project, I hope to find correct ways to solve problems and not only expect to become an excellent critical tinker, but also I want my voice to be heard. I have only one life, and I want to live it to the fullest till the end. In the past five years of my life I have had not only many falls, but also many ups. One of those ups was when I saw him again, my perfect man, the love of my life, the father of my daughter. All started in the airport while I waited for my mother. My father and I invited some old friends of the family to give my mom a great welcome. Suddenly, I looked to the big open door and there he was. This time he was more handsome and attractive than last time. Can you imagine almost four years without seeing him? While my hands were shaking and sweating, he approached and my heart exploded. At that moment, I realized that I wanted to be with him for the rest of my life. I chose the beautiful song I am alive from a talented singer as Celine Dion is, to be the first song of my soundtrack, because it significantly explains the way I feel when he is around me. In her lyrics, Celine Dion says When I hear you breathe, I get wings to fly, I fell that I am alive He makes me feel exactly the way this singer describes it in her song. Today, we have been together for five years; and it ´s only begun, I can ´t wait for the rest of my life As a product of that love, our beautiful little Melanie was born. At the beginning no one accepted my pregnancy, because I was too young and still studying; however, over the time, our family understood the decision we made. After the longest nine months of my life, finally my little miracle of life come true. That is why I chose Miracle as the second song of my soundtrack, and it is performed also by Celine Dion. It has a huge meaning for me because it reminds me those days when I hold my daughter in my arms for the first time. She is the most magnificent person God could ever give me. As the performer says in her lyrics, Only God creates such a perfect love. It is so difficult for me to describe that sensation; I felt like the most beautiful feeling inside my heart. This song reached my soul, and it took my breath away. In one of her verses, Celine Dion says I never knew a love like this till you, and she is right. Life is no longer about me; now, life is all about her. She is my miracle of life. But in life, not everything is happiness or perfection, and as other relationships, I have had problems too. Which one? Parents in law; that is how I define my problem. .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e , .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .postImageUrl , .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e , .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e:hover , .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e:visited , .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e:active { border:0!important; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e:active , .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u04c84daa01a6b231a05580ffa5191c8e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Different Types of popular music. EssayThey want me to do whatever they want, without realizing that I have my own opinions and different ways to solve my struggles. In addition, I am a very respectful person; therefore, I would rather stay quiet, bite my tongue and hold my breath before saying any phrase someone does not like. At that point, while I was selecting the songs for this assignment, I heard one that was strongly connected to my problem. That song is Roar by name, and it is performed by the young girl Katty Perry. After I listen to her lyrics I realized that I had a choice, that I cannot live like that anymore. Consequently, I took the decision to talk to my parents in law and speak up in the best way possible. I am not sure if they understood my point of view, but I am very proud of my own self. I guess I went from cero to my own hero To conclude, music plays a significant role in each one of our lives. As can be seen, it brings back memories of some events of the past, like mine, to remember how was my reunion with the love of my life, or when our daughter was born. On the other hand, music also influences sometimes in the decision we make. Previously, I was afraid of saying what I wanted to say, but after listening to the song, I got the strength needed to express myself. After all, I want to say thank you for taking some of your time to listen these sequence of songs. They represent an important part of my life, and I would like to conclude my project but not without saying: Live your life to the fullest and create your own dreams. Remember that dreams can come true, but only if you take the time to think about them and focus on what you have to do to achieve them.